Semana Santa in Spain celebrating Easter and holy week in Spain

Semana Santa in spain is a truly joyous occasion anyone who knows me knows that I don’t do ‘religion’ or church of any description. However, I have to say being in Spain for Holy Week (Semana Santa) has been moving and inspiring. Celebrations in Spain often take place over days and weeks depending on the festival. What does Semana mean in English? The translation of Semana is week and Santa is holy.

Semana Santa is also called La Madruga, which is the night between Holy Thursday and Good Friday and it is the most important religious celebration in Spain, (Semana Santa in English is Holy Week).

Semana Santa Traditions in Spain

Semana Santa (Easter) in Spain dates back to the 16th century which is when the Catholic Church decided to make the story of the Passion of Christ one that the ordinary people could not only participate in but thoroughly understand and get involved in.

They decided to create scenes from the Passion that would be paraded through the streets of Spain for the benefit of everyone.  The Andalusian Semana starts on the Sunday before Easter and lasts until Easter Sunday itself, but in some areas of Spain Semana Santa lasts longer. These holy week processions carry on throughout the week.

I was lucky enough to enjoy a Semana Santa celebration in Salobrena Sain which is located in Granada province I was also lucky enough to enjoy a Semana Santa celebration in Salobrena Sain, which is located in Granada province, home to the famous Alhambra Palace and one of the best paradors in Spain.

History of Semana Santa in Spain

Semana Santa, or Holy Week, in Spain is a deeply rooted religious tradition that commemorates the passion, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Its history dates back centuries, intertwining with Spain’s rich cultural and religious heritage.

The origins of Semana Santa can be traced back to medieval times when Catholicism was deeply ingrained in Spanish society. However, its current form and elaborate processions evolved over the centuries.

One significant influence on Semana Santa was the Catholic Church’s efforts during the Counter-Reformation to reinvigorate religious fervor among the faithful. This led to the establishment of confraternities or brotherhoods, which played a central role in organizing the processions and rituals of Semana Santa.

These confraternities were often formed by laypeople, who would come together to express their devotion through acts of penance and public worship. Each confraternity typically focused on the veneration of a particular image of Christ or the Virgin Mary, and they would parade these sacred images through the streets during Holy Week.

The tradition of elaborate processions, with participants dressed in traditional robes and carrying statues and religious symbols, became a defining feature of Semana Santa in Spain. These processions are accompanied by somber music, incense, and prayers, creating a solemn atmosphere that reflects the gravity of the events being commemorated.

Semana Santa is celebrated with particular fervor in various regions of Spain, with cities like Seville, Malaga, and Valladolid hosting some of the most renowned and elaborate processions. Each region has its own unique traditions and customs associated with Semana Santa, but the central themes of faith, devotion, and remembrance remain consistent throughout the country.

Celebrating Semana Santa in Salobrena Andalusia

I was lucky enough to celebrate Holy Week in Granada Province in Salobrena. The history of Salobreña dates back over 6000 years, with the Mediterranean sea in front of it and the Sierra Nevadas to the back, surrounded by sugar cane fields Salobreña has been a Spanish holiday village for many years.  

Its Moorish castle was built in the 10th century, and its Mudejar 16th-century church, Iglesia de Nuestra Señora del Rosario is built on top of the old mosque. Roman ruins and archaeological finds turn up everywhere.

Salobreña is a village that is either uphill or downhill there is nothing in between until you get to the playa or beach. The Semana Santa processions must wind their way through some incredibly narrow streets as you can see from the photos. Often accompanied by a man with a metal pole to hold up the wires that might impede the passage of the ‘tronos’ as they pass by. The censers carried by the penitents waft sweet-scented smoke across the narrow streets and the air is full of the perfume of lilies.

Semana Santa Holy Week and Spanish Culture FAQs

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How is Semana Santa Celebrated in Spain? Everything you need to know

Easter celebrations  in Spain begin with parades. The Holy Week celebrations (Semana Santa) are the seven days leading up to Easter Sunday. The parades take an average of 4 hours to traverse the hills and narrow streets of most towns and villages in Spain. Imagine carrying a ‘Trono’s weighing literally a few thousand kilos on your shoulders while marching for over 4 hours.

Often you will see members of the Cofradia wearing blindfolds while carrying the floats. These are used to signify that the person is making an extra sacrifice to carry the ‘Trono’ and ask God for special favours (but not for themselves).

Semana Santa in Spain – Pasos & Tronos

In most Spanish Easter processions, participants carry large floats or pasos. Pasos generally have more than one figure depicted on them, for example, there are pasos with a full replica of the last supper. The ‘tronos’ tend to be thrones for one figure such as Christ or his Mother Mary.

The floats are festooned with flowers and candles and are the focal point of the procession. Many brotherhoods have owned and preserved their pasos for hundreds of years. These floats are decorated with hundreds of candles and masses of beautiful lilies. The air is perfumed with incense from the censers and the flowers decorating the ‘tronos’.

Procession of the Virgin Mary of the Solitude

During Semana Santa, elaborate and sombre processions take place throughout the week culminating in the silent  Procession of the Virgin of the Solitude.

The tronos (throne or float) of the Virgin, depict the Mother of Christ in deep mourning with no fancy adornment or jewels. This procession is strictly for women, they carry the tronos and walk the streets in silence which is incredibly moving.

Procession of the Cofradias

Before the Procession of the Virgin of the Solitude, there is the Procession of the Cofradía del Santo Sepulcro y Cofradia de Maria de Los Dolores y Cofradia San Juan Evangelista. These ‘brotherhoods’  or Cofradias (whose members take part in the processions) are a historic tradition in Spain, with many dating back to the Middle Ages. Semana Santa processions are also known as ‘penance processions’ and involve members of the brotherhood (nazarenos) parading from their church to the city’s cathedral.

What are the Capirote?

The citizens taking part in Semana Santa processions are called penitents and they dress in the traditional capirote which is a tall conical hat that is believed to bring the wearer closer to god (in no way shape or form related to the KKK usage in the USA).

The capirote traditionally covers the face and is worn with a robe and cape, usually in the colours of the Cofradia the penitents adhere to. Capirotes used to be reserved for people doing penance: as a sign of atoning for their sins, they would walk through the town wearing the hat, their faces covered so they could not be recognized as sinners.

Women often wear the mantilla, a black lace veil worn high on the back of the head.

Music during Semana Santa

Music is a hugely important part of Semana Santa processions – most are accompanied by live marching bands that play religious music, and there is also the ‘saeta’. You can learn more about the history and customs behind Semana Santa in Andalucia here.

The Saeta

The saeta is a very old traditional Spanish religious song. The Spanish word saeta has different meanings -“arrow“, “bud of a vine”, “hand of a clock” or “magnetic needle”. Since the 19th-century saetas include elements of flamenco. During the procession, a saetero usually sings from one of the balconies along the road.

What traditional foods are eaten during Semana Santa España

Semana Santa, like any other festival, has its own special flavours and this is especially during this week because traditionally Catholics are not supposed to eat meat.

La Mona de Pascua is the traditional cake prepared for Semana Santa, especially in the regions of Catalonia and Valencia. Many consider this colourful cake to be a delicious end to Lent.

Very similar to ‘French Toast’, torrijas are a speciality eaten all over Spain, particularly throughout the week before Easter, here in Spain however they can be soaked in wine instead of milk.

Spa de Ajo is a soup made of garlic, pepper, and chicken broth, served t most gatherings the soup is eaten with pieces of bread added into the soup and a hard-boiled egg. 

Bueñelos are small doughnuts covered with sugar and cinnamon.

Bartolillo madrileño is a fried dough filled with creamy custard and when fried coated with powdered sugar.

Flores de Semana Santa, these little treats translate as ‘fried flowers’, they are delicate with a sweet and crunchy texture.

Potaje de Vigilia is a stew traditionally served on Good Friday, and it includes chickpeas, spinach, garlic, onion, pepper, and a hard-boiled egg.

I travelled through Spain housesitting and being a digital nomad and I always suggest protecting yourself when travelling to Spain. Try using VeePN apk when connecting to public Wi-Fi to prevent personal data leaks. 

Semana Santa, or Holy Week, is a captivating and deeply rooted religious festival celebrated in Spain. This sacred time of the year holds significant cultural and spiritual importance, drawing countless visitors from around the world. The elaborate processions, enchanting music, and fervent atmosphere create an unforgettable experience for those who witness it firsthand.

Steeped in tradition and accompanied by intricate floats, devout penitents, and the rhythmic beat of drums, Semana Santa showcases Spain’s rich heritage and unwavering faith. Whether you are a believer or simply appreciate the beauty of cultural traditions, visiting Semana Santa in Spain is an awe-inspiring journey that leaves an indelible mark on the soul.

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